Chongqing (重庆)
A heaven-sent hot spring eco-tourist attractions in Chongqing (重庆天赐温泉生态旅游景区; ),
Youyang County, Chongqing Municipality scenic paradise (重庆市酉阳县桃花源景区; ),
Chongqing Bayu Folk Culture Village (重庆市巴渝民俗文化村; ),
Hua Yan, Chongqing Tourism Scenic Area (重庆华岩旅游风景区; ),
Chongqing Yongchuan satellite lake (重庆永川卫星湖; ),
Chongqing shengdeng Mountain Forest Park (重庆圣灯山森林公园; ),
Geleshan Forest Park (歌乐山森林公园; ),
Yubei Bi-chun Park (渝北区碧津公园; ),
Wuxi County Ling Wu-dong (巫溪县灵巫洞; ),
Shizhu Bi Zika Green Palace (石柱县毕兹卡绿宫; ),
Chongqing Old Dragon Cave Scenic Spot (重庆老龙洞景区; ),
Hong Kong Ocean Park (海洋公园; ),
Beibei Golden fruit eco-tourism area (北碚金果生态旅游区; ),
Wanzhou Salt Longdong (万州盐井龙洞; ),
Wanzhou large Yakou Forest Park (万州大垭口森林公园; ),
Youyang gongtan Town (酉阳龚滩古镇; ),
Tongnan Yang housed in dark public (潼南县杨闇公旧居; ),
The former residence of Soong Ching Ling Exhibition Hall (宋庆龄旧居陈列馆; ),
Jiang Jin Luo mare Mountain (江津骆騋山风景区; ),
Dianjiang Peony eco-tourism area (垫江牡丹生态旅游区; ),
Yubei Kayama agricultural sightseeing garden (渝北区鹿山农业观光园; ),
Museum of the Korean Provisional Government site (大韩民国临时政府旧址陈列馆; ),
Youyang County, Chongqing Municipality Zhao Shiyan martyrs House (重庆市酉阳县赵世炎烈士故居; ),
Chongqing Yongchuan scenic paradise (重庆永川桃花源景区; ),
Wuxi County, Chongqing City, Jing Zhu Gap - Han Aeolus Valley Scenic Spot (重庆市巫溪县荆竹峡-汉风神谷景区; ),
Fengjie County, Chongqing Municipality Swan Lake Scenic Area (重庆市奉节县天鹅湖风景区; ),
Nanan District, Chongqing City, the former site of the French navy barracks (重庆市南岸区法国水师兵营旧址 ; ),
Chongqing 10000 state full phonetic meditation courtyard (重庆市万州区弥陀禅院; ),
Chongqing Liangping county Dongming lake scenic region (重庆市梁平县东明湖景区 ; ),
Chongqing China coral park (渝中区珊瑚公园; ),
kowloon slope region more than 3 bridge egret garden (九龙坡区三多桥白鹭园; ),
Youyang county shangri-la (酉阳县桃花源; ),
Fengdu Mountain (丰都名山; ),
Fengjie Baidicheng - Qutangxia (奉节白帝城-瞿塘峡; ),
Small Three Gorges in Wushan - Little Three Gorges (巫山小三峡-小小三峡; ),
Art Museum of Dazu Rock Carvings (大足石刻艺术博物馆; ),
Chongqing town Ciqikou (重庆磁器口古镇; ),
King Commission of Chongqing Hot Springs Scenic Area (重庆统景温泉风景区; ),
Chongqing Planning Exhibition Hall (重庆市规划展览馆; ),
Geleshan Forest Park (歌乐山森林公园; ),
Chongqing湖广会馆 (重庆湖广会馆; ),
Marshal Rongzhen Jiangjin gallery (江津聂荣臻元帅陈列馆; ),
China Three Gorges Museum in Chongqing (重庆中国三峡博物馆; ),
Chongqing Simian Mountain, key national scenic spots (重庆四面山国家重点风景名胜区; ),
Chongqing Wansheng黑山谷eco-tourism zone (重庆万盛黑山谷生态旅游区; ),
Chongqing Geleshan martyrs cemetery (重庆歌乐山烈士陵园; ),
Chongqing Nanshan Garden (重庆南山植物园; ),
Chongqing Qianjiang small tourist attractions in the South China Sea (重庆黔江小南海旅游景区; ),
Fengdu雪玉洞Chongqing Area (重庆丰都雪玉洞景区; ),
Chongqing Hongyan Revolutionary Memorial Hall (重庆红岩革命纪念馆; ),
Xiannushan Chongqing National Forest Park (重庆仙女山国家森林公园; ),
Chongqing Hong崖洞folk style areas (重庆洪崖洞民俗风貌区; ),
Chongqing Hot Springs Resort Yuntianhua Hailan (重庆海兰云天温泉度假区; ),
Chongqing People's Grand Hall and the People's Square (重庆人民大礼堂及人民广场; ),
Stephen scenic North Chongqing (重庆北泉风景区; ),
Stone Forest Scenic Area Wansheng (万盛石林风景区; ),
Furong Wulong Scenic Area (武隆芙蓉洞风景区; ),
Sanqiao born in Chongqing Wulong Scenic Area (重庆武隆天生三桥风景区; ),
Zhongxian石宝寨 (忠县石宝寨; ),
Chongqing Jinyuan science park (重庆金源方特科幻公园; ),
Chongqing Yunyang张飞庙 (重庆云阳张飞庙; ),
Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve (缙云山国家级自然保护区; ),
Chongqing Wildlife World (重庆野生动物世界; ),
Chongqing Zhang Guan Scenic Area Water cave (重庆张关水溶洞风景区; ),
Chongqing Jin Daoxia Scenic Area (重庆金刀峡风景区; ),
Bi-Jin Park, Chongqing Yubei (重庆渝北碧津公园; ),
Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba that the Ba people supposedly established during the eleventh century BCE. By 316 BCE, however, it had been overrun by the State of Qin. The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, which was called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州).
Chongqing was subsequently renamed in 581 CE (Sui Dynasty) and 1102, to Yu Prefecture (渝州) and then Gong Prefecture (恭州). It received its current name in 1189, after Prince Zhao Dun of the Southern Song Dynasty described his crowning as king and then Emperor Guangzong as a "double/repeated happy celebration" (simplified Chinese: 双重喜庆; traditional Chinese: 雙重喜慶; pinyin: shuāngchóng xǐqìng). Hence, Yu Prefecture became Chongqing subprefecture to mark the occasion.
In 1362, (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebelling leader, established the Daxia Kingdom (大夏) at Chongqing for a short time.
In 1621 (Ming Dynasty), another short-lived kingdom of Daliang (大梁) was established by She Chongming (奢崇明) in Chongqing as its capital.
Between 1627-1645, with the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Chongqing, together with Sichuan, were captured by the Revolts who overthrew the Ming Dynasty across the nation. Later during the Qing Dynasty, immigration to Chongqing and Sichuan took place with the support of Qing emperor.
In 1891, Chongqing became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners.
From 1929, Chongqing became a municipality of the Republic of China. During the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), it was Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's provisional capital and was heavily bombed by the Japanese Air Force. Luckily, due to its mountainous environment, many people were saved from the bombing. Many factories and universities were moved from eastern China to Chongqing during WWII, transforming this city from inland port to a heavily industrialized city.
In 1954, the municipality was demoted to a provincial city within the Sichuan Province of the People's Republic of China. On 14 March 1997, the Eighth National People's Congress decided to merge the city with the neighbouring Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang prefecture-level districts that it had governed on behalf of the province since September 1996. The resulting single division was the Chongqing Municipality, containing 30,020,000 people in forty-three former counties (without intermediate political levels). The municipality became the spearhead of China's effort to develop its western regions and coordinate the resettlement of residents from the reservoir areas of the Three Gorges Dam project. Its first official ceremony took place on 18 June 1997.
Chongqing area's dialect is somewhat different from standard mandarin. Most differences are phonological, though some lexical differences are observed as well.
Located on the edge of the Yungui Plateau, Chongqing is intersected by the Jialing River and the upper reaches of the Yangtze. It contains Daba Shan in the north, Wu Shan in the east, Wuling Shan in the southeast, and Dalou Mountain to the south.
The city is very hilly and is the only major metropolitan area in China without significant numbers of bicycles.
Chongqing Municipality is divided into forty county-level subdivisions (three abolished in 1997), consisting of nineteen districts, seventeen counties, and four autonomous counties.
| Pinyin name | Hanzi | Previous associationa |
|---|---|---|
| Pengshui Miao and Tujia | 彭水苗族土家族自治县 | Qianjiang |
| Shizhu Tujia | 石柱土家族自治县 | |
| Xiushan Tujia and Miao | 秀山土家族苗族自治县 | |
| Youyang Tujia and Miao | 酉阳土家族苗族自治县 |
Chongqing has a humid subtropical climate, with the two-season monsoonal variations typical of South Asia.
As one of the "Three Furnaces" (三大火炉), Chongqing's summers are among the hottest in China. The temperature can be as high as 43°C, with an average high of 35°C in August. Yet even in the hottest weather the wind is often cold, making such high temperatures more bearable. Winters are fairly mild, but damp and overcast; average January highs are 9°C. Chongqing has one of the lowest sunshine totals annually in China.
| [hide]Weather data for Chongqing | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 10.6 (51) |
11.7 (53) |
13.9 (57) |
16.7 (62) |
21.1 (70) |
28.3 (83) |
32.2 (90) |
32.8 (91) |
26.7 (80) |
21.1 (70) |
16.7 (62) |
11.1 (52) |
21.1 (70) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 7.2 (45) |
7.8 (46) |
11.1 (52) |
15.0 (59) |
19.4 (67) |
22.2 (72) |
25.0 (77) |
25.0 (77) |
21.7 (71) |
16.7 (62) |
12.2 (54) |
8.3 (47) |
16.1 (61) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 17.8 (0.7) |
20.3 (0.8) |
38.1 (1.5) |
94.0 (3.7) |
147.3 (5.8) |
172.7 (6.8) |
149.9 (5.9) |
127.0 (5) |
144.8 (5.7) |
104.1 (4.1) |
48.3 (1.9) |
22.9 (0.9) |
1,089.7 (42.9) |
| Source: Weatherbase 27 February 2009 | |||||||||||||
Chongqing is known for its fog and suffers from heavy air pollution. Foggy weather is most prevalent during spring and winter days, which gives this city a nickname of "the Fog Capital" (Chinese: 雾都). This special weather once protected Chongqing from being overrun by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. However, the city government has been aggressively trying to improve its air quality in recent years. The so called "blue sky days" (days with air quality within or better than slight pollution) number have been on the rise.
Chongqing is the biggest inland river port in western China. Historically, most of its transportation, especially to eastern China, is via the Yangtze River.
Chongqing is a major rail hub in south central China.
Chongqing-Chengdu (Sichuan province) railway
Chongqing-Guiyang (Guizhou province) railway
Chongqing-Xiangfan (Hubei province) railway
Chongqing-Huaihua (Hunan province) railway
Chongqing-Suining (Sichuan province) express railway
Chongqing Wanzhou-Yichang (Hubei province) railway (under construction)
Chongqing-Lanzhou (Gansu province) railway (under construction)
Chongqing-Chengdu highway
Chongqing-Wanzhou-Yichang highway (Wanzhou-Yichang section under construction)
Chongqing-Guiyang highway
Chongqing-Dazhou-Xi'a highway (Dazhou-Xi'an section under construction)
Chongqing-Suining highway
Chongqing-Nanchong Expressway
China National Highway 210
China National Highway 212
Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport, located in Yubei district, north of Chongqing, provides links to most parts of China and to other countries. In year 2007, a total of 10,355,730 person-time transporting volume was reported, which ranks this airport as the 10th largest one in China and the third largest one in southwest China.
Public transportation
The three main forms of public transport in Chongqing are metro, light rail transit and intercity railway, alongside the ubiquitous bus system.
According to the Chongqing Municipal Government's ambitious plan in May 2007, Chongqing is going to invest 150 billion RMB over 13 years to finish a system that combines underground metro lines with light rail. By 2020 this network will consist of 6 straight lines and 1 circular line; Line 1 will be an underground metro while Lines 2 and 3 will be light rail. These improvements will add 363.5 kilometers of road and railway to the existing transportation infrastructure and 93 new train stations will be added to the 111 stations that are already in place. As of 2005 only one light rail line, the 19 km long Chongqing light rail line 2 (project 1), had been finished.
By 2050 Chongqing is planned to have ten railway lines, totaling 513 kilometres, with 270 stations
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Some of the text used in this page has been sourced from Wikipedia's page about Chongqing under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.